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PC12 ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ CoCl_(2) À¯¹ß ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç¿¡ ´ëÇÑ epigallocatechin-gallateÀÇ ¿ªÇÒ

Effects of epigallocatechin gallate on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells

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¸ðÇöö ( Mo Hyun-Chul ) - Àü³²´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ¼Ò¾ÆÄ¡°úÇб³½Ç
¾ç±ÔÈ£ ( Yang Kyu-Ho ) - Àü³²´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ¼Ò¾ÆÄ¡°úÇб³½Ç
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±è¼±¹Ì ( Kim Seon-Mi ) - Àü³²´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ¼Ò¾ÆÄ¡°úÇб³½Ç
±è¿øÀç ( Kim Won-Jae ) - Àü³²´ëÇб³ Ä¡°ú´ëÇÐ ±¸°­»ý¸®Çб³½Ç

Abstract

½Å°æ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç´Â Àú»ê¼Ò ¹× ÇãÇ÷ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ¸ç ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷Á×Àº reactive oxidant species (ROS) »ý¼ºÀ» µ¿¹ÝÇÔÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ®ÀÖ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, Àú»ê¼Ò ¹× ÇãÇ÷ȯ°æ¿¡¼­ ÀϾ´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»çÀÇ ±âÀü ¹× ±× Ä¡·á¹æ¹ýÀº ¾ÆÁ÷ Á¤¸³µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. CoCl_(2)´Â ROS¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÏ´Â µî Àú»ê¼Òȯ°æ°ú À¯»çÇÑ Á¶°ÇÀ» ÃÊ·¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)´Â ³ìÂ÷ÀÇ polyphenol ¼ººÐÀ¸·Î¼­ ¼¼Æ÷¼ºÀå°ú Á×À½¿¡ ´Ù¾çÇÑ ¾à¸®ÇÐÀû È¿°ú¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³¿ÀÌ ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖ´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â PC12 ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ CoCl_(2)¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç±âÀüÀ» ¹àÈ÷°í ÀÌ¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â EGCGÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ Á¶»çÇϴµ¥ ¸ñÀûÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù. Cell viability´Â MTT ÃøÁ¤À¸·Î Á¶»çµÇ¾ú°í, DNA fragmentationÀº DNA ladderingÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÇ¾ú´Ù. Bcl-2¿Í Bax¹ßÇö Á¤µµ´Â RT-PCR·Î, caspase-3¿Í -9ÀÇ È°¼ºÀº spectrophotometer, caspase-8ÀÇ È°¼ºÀº flow cytometry¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ÃøÁ¤µÇ¾ú´Ù. ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ¿¡¼­ ¼¼Æ÷Áú·Î ºÐºñµÈ cytochrome c´Â western blotÀ¸·Î, ºÐÇØµÈ DNA ¾ç°ú ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ ¼¼Æ÷¸·ÀüÀ§ (¥Ä¥÷_(m))´Â FACScanÀ¸·Î Á¶»çµÇ¾ú´Ù.

CoCl_(2)Åõ¿©·Î PC12 ¼¼Æ÷¼ö´Â ¿ë·® ¹× ½Ã°£ ÀÇÁ¸ÇüÅ·Π°¨¼ÒÇÏ¿´°í, genomic DNA fragmentationÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÏ¿´´Ù. CoCl_(2)Åõ¿©·Î ¾ß±âµÈ cell viabilityÀÇ °¨¼Ò¿Í DNA fragmentationÀº EGCG Àüóġ¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ïÁ¦µÇ¾ú´Ù. CoCl_(2)Àº ¼¼Æ÷¿ëÀûÆØâ°ú condensed nuclei °°Àº ÇüÅÂÀû º¯È­¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Ä×À¸¸ç, apoptotic peak, ¥Ä¥÷_(m)°¨¼Ò ¹× cytochrome c À¯¸®¸¦ ¾ß±âÇÏ¿´´Ù. EGCG´Â CoCl_(2)¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷Çüź¯È­, apoptotic peak, ¥Ä¥÷_(m)¼Ò½Ç ¹× cytochrome c À¯¸®¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦½ÃÄ×´Ù. CoCl_(2)´Â Bcl-2 ¹ßÇöÀ» °¨¼Ò½ÃÄ×Áö¸¸, Bax ¹ßÇö¿¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡Áö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. EGCG´Â CoCl_(2)¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾ß±âµÈ Bcl-2 ¹ßÇö °¨¼Ò¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦½ÃÄ×´Ù. CoCl_(2)´Â caspase-3, -8, ±×¸®°í -9ÀÇ È°¼ºÀ» Áõ°¡½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç, EGCG´Â CoCl_(2)¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç¸¦ ¾ïÁ¦½ÃÄ×´Ù.

º» ½ÇÇè°á°ú´Â PC12 ¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­ CoCl_(2)°¡ ¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ ÀÇÁ¸ ¹× death receptorÀÇÁ¸ ±âÀüÀ¸·Î ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°¸ç, EGCG´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»ç±âÀüÀ» ¾ï¼¼ÁöÅ´À¸·Î ½Å°æº¸È£±â´ÉÀ» °¡ÁüÀ» ½Ã»çÇÏ¿´´Ù.

Neuronal apoptotic events, consequently resulting in neuronal cell death, are occurred in hypoxic/ischemic condition. This cell death has been shown to be accompanied with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can attack cellular components such as nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipid. However, the underlying mechanisms of apoptosis induced in hypoxic/ischemic condition and its treatment methods are unsettled. Cobalt chloride (CoCl_(2)) has been known to mimic hypoxic condition including the production of ROS. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). a green tea polyphenol, has diverse pharmacologial activities in cell growth and death. This study was aimed to investigate the apoptotic mechanism by CoCl_(2) and effects of EGCG on CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

Administration of CoCl_(2) decreased cell survival in dose- and time-dependent manners and induced genomic DNA fragmentation. Treatment with 100 ¥ìM EGCG for 30 min before PC12 cells were exposed to 150 ¥ìM CoCl_(2), being resulted in the cell viability and DNA fragmentation being rescued. CoCl_(2) caused morphologic changes such as cell swelling and condensed nuclei, whereas EGCG attenuated morphologic changes by CoCl_(2). EGCG suppressed the apoptotic peak and a loss of ¥Ä¥÷_(m) induced by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) decreased Bcl-2 expression but Bax expression was not changed in CoCl_(2)-treated cells. EGCG attenuated the Bcl-2 underexpression by CoCl_(2). CoCl_(2) augumented the cytochrome c release from mitochondria into cytoplasm and increased caspase-8, -9 and caspase-3 activity, a marker of the apoptotic executing stage. EGCG ameliorated the incruement in caspase-8, -9 and -3 activity, and cytochrome c release by CoCl_(2). NAC (N-acetyl-cysteine), a scavenger of ROS, attenuated CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in consistent with those of EGCG.

These results suggest, that CoCl_(2) induces apoptotic cell death through both mitochondria- and death receptor-dependent pathway and EGCG has neuroprotective effects against CoCl_(2)-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells.

Å°¿öµå

CoCl_(2);¼¼Æ÷ÀÚ¸ê»çEGCG;¹ÌÅäÄܵ帮¾Æ ÀÇÁ¸±âÀü;Death receptorÀÇÁ¸±âÀü
CoCl_(2);Apoptosis;EGCG;Mitochondria dependent pathway;Death receptor dependent pathway

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